| [问:]:恒流源和恒压源在应变桥激励是是否可同时应用? |
| [答:]:You can use either of them |
| [问:]:"基于强弱电的电磁干扰和隔离放大应如何考虑?" |
| [答:]:Good ground when PCB design, small package (wafer best), using isolator amplifier, outline shielding. |
| [问:]:可否介绍一些ADI放大器在仪器仪表中的典型应用? |
| [答:]:As example: http://www.analog.com/productSelection/signalChains/instrumentation/inst_1.html and http://www.analog.com/productSelection/signalChains/instrumentation/inst_9.html |
| [问:]:可否推荐一两个用在锁相环有源滤波中的放大器呢? 该如何应用以确保好的相噪? |
| [答:]:You can try PLL chips ADF41xx/ ADF42xx directly, which can help on phase noise and package size issue |
| [问:]:美国模拟器公司(ADI公司) 在中国有无投资计划?效果如何? |
| [答:]:We've a design center in China, and some university program, third party design house. Good effective. |
| [问:]:哪一种放大器最具有性价比? |
| [答:]:It's depended on your application and requirements. |
| [问:]:那里有培训资料呢? |
| [答:]:www.analog.com |
| [问:]:能否推荐种噪声性能好于AD648的双运放? |
| [答:]:Please try AD885x, or AD706/712/746/822. |
| [问:]:能否详细介绍一下关于手机上用到的放大器?性能、具体型号、和其它公司相比优势在哪里?谢谢! |
| [答:]:LOG amplifier like AD83xx, and single-end-differential amplifier like AD8350/8138. |
| [问:]:你好,我的电路中需要一片音频放大器,音频带宽3.4KHz,请问选用贵公司的那种产品较合适,能得到较高的性价比. |
| [答:]:If the power is not very big, please refer to ssm2xxx. |
| [问:]:你们好。宽带光纤放大器技术现在发展的潮流是什么? |
| [答:]:EDFA is popular, and ADI has some control parts, including power detector, such as AD8310/ 8304, ADC, DAC, also Microconvertor ADuCxxx (with MCU, Flash, ADC and DAC on one chip, as SOC). |
| [问:]:请给出贵公司放大器在通信产品中的用例。 |
| [答:]:Please refer to the signal chain, which you can find at www.analog.com. |
| [问:]:请给我ADI各种具体性能和参数好吗? |
| [答:]:Please go to ADI website www.analog.com, to get relative datasheet. |
| [问:]:"请简单介绍AD623引脚排列和AD623基本电路结构。" |
| [答:]:Please refer to the datasheet. |
| [问:]:请简单介绍新型放大器技术(I)目前的应用范围如何? |
| [答:]:Such as RF amplifiers, IF amplifiers, including log amplifier, power detector, line driver, (AD83xx), and video buffer AD8079. Some also can be used for optical system. Chopper amplifier has good performance on offset. |
| [问:]:请简要的介绍一下,ADI公司产品和其它公司的产品比较有什么优势? |
| [答:]:Log amplifier, and chopping amplifier. |
| [问:]:请教放大器的低频响应是否可以绝对作到0Hz。 |
| [答:]:surely. |
| [问:]:请教有关AD620放大器的性能特点? |
| [答:]:please refer to datasheet, which you can download from www.analog.com. |
| [问:]:请介绍仪用放大器的特点? |
| [答:]:high input impedance, high CMRR because of differential input. |
| [问:]:"请推荐一些用于线路驱动的放大器,输出电流大于500mA,工作频率在40kHz-30MHz." |
| [答:]:Try AD8016/8017/832x, and we've video line driver 8131/8130. |
| [问:]:请问,ADI公司新型放大器技术与其它公司相比,有什么独特的优势? |
| [答:]:Log amplifier, and chopping amplifier. |
| [问:]:请问,电视广播接收机用中频放大电路,在输入和输出时要考虑阻抗的匹配问题,而放大三极管的放大倍数和中周电感有什么对应关系吗? |
| [答:]:Please refer to relative IF amplifier design. |
| [问:]:请问,在用中频放大测试电路测试电子产品时,用相同的测试电路和组件,为什么得到的电子产品性能却不一样? |
| [答:]:The testing equipments's performance should always be higher than be-tested. |
| [问:]:"请问:在高频应用中如何消除来自空间的射频干扰" |
| [答:]:Good ground when PCB design, small package (wafer best), outline shielding. |
| [问:]:请问:ad812an芯片在+2放大应用中如何消除它的阻尼振荡。 |
| [答:]:need good PCB design, with good ground, with good power supply bypass, and you'd better put ferrite bead, using resistant about 22ohm at input. |
| [问:]:请问:ADI系列可以用在汽车防盗器上的高频放大电路吗? |
| [答:]:Surely, you need select parts according to the frequency. |
| [问:]:请问:ADI在汽车领域是否有所运用?如果有,请说明在什么地方? |
| [答:]:Especially we've accelerometer ADXL202/105/210/190. |
| [问:]:请问:AD公司有没有在线可编程、或者程控运放。 |
| [答:]:AD8320, 8321, 8322, 8323. |
| [问:]:请问:此次讲座都包括哪些类型的放大器。 |
| [答:]:The seminar has two parts, the first part is about basic theory of amplifiers, the 2nd part will be about various amplifiers. |
| [问:]:请问ADE7755与AD7755以及7755有何区别? |
| [答:]:ADE7755 is an advanced type from AD7755, more suitable for power energy data collection. |
| [问:]:请问ADI公司的新型运放与其它厂家相比的性能优势和价格优势,谢谢! |
| [答:]:Log amplifier, and chopping amplifier. |
| [问:]:请问ADI公司的仪表放大器除了在精度方面的高性能之外还有什么优点? |
| [答:]:Low noise, high stability. |
| [问:]:请问ADI公司有何宽频弱信号放大器,性能怎样? |
| [答:]:AD8021/22 is wideband low noise OP-Am can use on this applications. |
| [问:]:请问ADI公司有没有比较廉价的彩电信号放大器?是什么型号? |
| [答:]:If you mean pre-amplifier of RF, no special part for that. |
| [问:]:请问ADI公司在中国有何发展?对于在中国的网络和光学研究有什么实用的领域? |
| [答:]:We've a design center in China, and some university program, third party design house. We've product for ADSL, and optical communications. |
| [问:]:请问对于0~5mV的线性型号,要做成电压或电流型变送器,有类似于AD693的新的芯片可选吗? |
| [答:]:No at present. |
| [问:]:请问贵公司高精度放大器的最大精度,以及高速度放大器的最快响应时间,谢谢! |
| [答:]:Please refer to AD8628 and AD8014. |
| [问:]:请问贵公司在音频功放方面主要有什么出色的产品? |
| [答:]:Try SSM2xxx. |
| [问:]:请问是否有3.5GHz频率范围的低噪声放大器? |
| [答:]:At present, 2.7G is highest. |
| [问:]:请问微转换器的抗干扰性能如何?是否适合工业环境?谢谢 |
| [答:]:Good anti-interference performance, because it integrate ADC/DAC/MCU and interface on single chip, with small package, easy to use. Surely it can be used in industry enviorenment. |
| [问:]:"请问我能否下载有关运算放大器的产品清单?请问贵公司是否生产高性能的开关电源?" |
| [答:]:Surely you can download selection guide from www.analog.com. And if you mean switch regulator, the ADPxxxx. |
| [问:]:请问一下ADI放大器功耗最小的静态、工作时电流分别为多少? |
| [答:]:op193 and AD8541. |
| [问:]:请问有没有应用于光发射模块中,具有温度(补偿)自动增益调节的放大器。 |
| [答:]:Try LDD ADN2841/2843, EEPOT ADN2850, TEC controller ADN8830. |
| [问:]:请问在防雷方面有什么特殊处理? |
| [答:]:Need special handling with devices around. |
| [问:]:"请问芯片是否具有USB接口?" |
| [答:]:No AMP has USB interface, but DSP such as ADSP2192 has USB interface. |
| [问:]:我公司正在进行局域网升级改造工作,贵公司能提供什么方案? |
| [答:]:Please contact ADI Local office. |
| [问:]:当用于单电源时,AD8051的VINmin 与VOUTmin 各是多少? |
| [答:]:Input Voltage Range: –0.2 V to +4 V;Vout = 25mV to 4.975mV.(VS = +5 V); |
| [问:]:3月14日由中电网和ADI公司举办的在线座谈的主要内容是什么? |
| [答:]:You will know while online. |
| [问:]:AD623带宽是多少? |
| [答:]:0.8MHz. Please refer to datasheet. |
| [问:]:AD623的同类型器件的失调电压在仪表放大器中如何保持到最低限度? |
| [答:]:The AD620's low input bias current of 1.0 nA max is made possible with the use of Superbeta processing in the input stage. |
| [问:]:AD623的误差源计算方法是怎么样的? |
| [答:]:Total Error RTI = Input Error + (Output Error/G); Total Error RTO = (Input Error ? G) + Output Error; please refer to datasheet. |
| [问:]:AD623缓冲输出电路的特性是什么? |
| [答:]:Please refer to datasheet which can be download form www.analog.com. |
| [问:]:AD623具有的直流特性是什么? |
| [答:]:Please refer to datasheet which can be download form www.analog.com. |
| [问:]:AD623具有优良的CMRR,它的抑制频率是多少? |
| [答:]:90 dB Min CMRR (G = 10); 84 dB Min CMRR (G = 5) (@ 60 Hz, 1K Source Imbalance). |
| [问:]:AD623适合哪种供电应用场合? |
| [答:]:Single and Dual Supply Operation. |
| [问:]:Single and Dual Supply Operation.AD623与传统三运放结构仪表放大器(例如AD620)的基本电路结构不同之处是? |
| [答:]:Both AD623 and AD620 are the instrumentation amplifier based on a modified classic three op amp approach. AD623 can assure single or dual supply operation even at common-mode voltages at the negative supply rail, it is rail to rail. AD623 is much cheaper than AD620 for it's noist is slightly bigger than AD620. |
| [问:]:AD623主要用于哪些范围? |
| [答:]:Low Power Medical Instrumentation,Transducer Interface,Thermocouple Amplifier,Industrial Process Controls,Difference Amplifier,Low Power Data Acquisition. |
| [问:]:AD8016放大器是双电源工作的能否改成单电源工作? |
| [答:]:Set a 1/2 VS vitual ground and use AC couple input and output can work in single VS, but logical input should level shift! |
| [问:]:AD8367的最大优点有哪些? |
| [答:]:AD8367 Broad Range Analog Variable Gain –2.5 dB to +42.5 dB, 3 dB Cutoff Frequency of 500 MHz,Gain Up and Gain Down Modes,Linear-in-dB,Scaled 20 mV/dB. |
| [问:]:ADI的大功率运放的技术特点和与同类其它公司产品比较的优势? |
| [答:]:I am not sure what's your big power mean? We have less power amplifier. Please contact ADI local office. |
| [问:]:ADI的新放大器与其它的放大器相比有哪些特点? |
| [答:]:High speed, low noise & low cost Here we refer to not only one amplifier. |
| [问:]:ADI公司的放大器主要有哪些型号。 |
| [答:]:Too many, include in-AMP and operation AMP. Please brouse www.analog.com. |
| [问:]:ADI公司放大器的带宽是多少? |
| [答:]:AD8353's Operational Frequency from 100 MHz to 2.7GHz with fixed 20dB gain. |
| [问:]:ADI公司有没有好的PCM CODEC呢? |
| [答:]:AD73311/73322, mono/stearo 16bit CODEC. |
| [问:]:adi芯片手册中给出的内置温度传感器是否可以做外界环境温度计使用?如果不能,它测出的温度通常情况下与外界温度差值多大? |
| [答:]:It can if the self power warm up can be neglected. Use AD7414 (3uW power consuption) I2C bus SOT-23 package is better. |
| [问:]:"ADI在数字功率放大器的产品与三菱,national等几家大型的公司的产品有何优势?以及采取何种方式来占领市场份额"? |
| [答:]:We provide the whole signal chain solution. |
| [问:]:"ADI自己的产品应该形成一种风格,这样才会起到更大的力度。请问ADI现在自己的风格向哪种方向发展呢?" |
| [答:]:Always provide the newest product such as high speed, low noise & low cost amplifier and high speed DSP. We provide the whole signal chain solution with good technical supporting. |
| [问:]:AD公司的运放比其它公司价格偏贵,往往使我们在设计电路时不敢全部采用,贵公司是否考虑过应适当降低价格,以争取更多的市场份额? |
| [答:]:Some parts are not expensive. We have develop some low cost high speed amplifier. |
| [问:]:How to enhance the value of CMRR? |
| [答:]:Choose a right in-AMP, try to be very good match and high signal channel issolation, pay attentation to PCB layout many be helpful. |
| [问:]:I just want find out what is focus of this seminar. |
| [答:]:Basical principle. |
| [问:]:ina128的fL在我的数据采集系统中只有6Hz,原因可能是什么? |
| [答:]:Sorry, I am not sure what's your question. Please contact ADI local office. |
| [问:]:RF干扰衰减电路有什么特点? |
| [答:]:Sorry, not focus in this seminar. Please contact ADI local office. |
| [问:]:当用于单电源时,AD8051的VINmin 与VOUTmin 各是多少? |
| [答:]:Input Voltage Range: –0.2 V to +4 V;Vout = 25mV to 4.975mV.(VS = +5 V); |
| [问:]:电流放大器的带宽有多大? |
| [答:]:AD8353's Operational Frequency from 100 MHz to 2.7GHz with fixed 20dB gain. I am not sure whether it is current feed back. |
| [问:]:对于WCDMA基站的射频设计,ADI是否有相应的放大器? |
| [答:]:Yes. For example, AD8352's operational Frequency to 100 MHz to 2.7GHz with fixed gain of 20dB. |
| [问:]:对于测量单脉冲信号的线性放大器,脉宽小于2us,幅度在0~500mV ,输出为0~10V,ADI的放大器中有哪些信号可选? |
| [答:]:Many, choose a fast seting one. |
| [问:]:对于检测微弱光的线性放大,选择哪种型号? |
| [答:]:Log AMP is best, say, AD8307 has 92 dB Dynamic Range: –75 dBm to +17 dBm. |
| [问:]:"对于弱光的检测放大,用于模拟测量,常因为光放大电路的放大倍数过大,造成放大器的不稳定和噪音增大,对此在设计弱光放大器应注意哪些问题?ADI的放大器有无设计参考资料提供?" |
| [答:]:Use log AMP. Please contact ADI local office. |
| [问:]:放大电流对电器有什么影响? |
| [答:]:I am not sure what you mean! Please contact ADI local office. |
| [问:]:放大器的技术趋势是什么? |
| [答:]:High speed, low noise & low cost. |
| [问:]:放大器技术的发展方向? |
| [答:]:High speed, low noise & low cost. |
| [问:]:放大器是电流反馈最大可到多少? |
| [答:]:Please refer to datasheet, which you can download from www.analog.com, or contact ADI local office. |
| [问:]:光放大器在长途网络中的应用是如何降低成本的? |
| [答:]:Sorry, not focus in this seminar. Please contact ADI local office. |
| [问:]:贵公司阿AD202在应用压力变换,进行电磁兼容射频感应电磁场传导抗扰试验,该器件输出在220M不正常,是否与其有关? |
| [答:]:AD202 has High CMV Isolation:2000 V pk Continuous (K Grade), your issue may cause by stray capacitor. Please contact ADI local office. |
| [问:]:贵公司的AD202JY在应用中进行射频电磁场传导抗扰度220MHz附近工作不正常,是否和器件调制频率有关? |
| [答:]:AD202 has High CMV Isolation:2000 V pk Continuous (K Grade), your issue may cause by stray capacitor. Please contact ADI local office. |
| [问:]:"贵公司的放大器技术产品工作带宽能达到多大?谢谢!" |
| [答:]:AD8353's Operational Frequency from 100 MHz to 2.7GHz with fixed 20dB gain. |
| [问:]:贵公司的新型放大器技术较以前有什么提高,与竞争对手相比,有什么优势? |
| [答:]:High speed, low noise & low cost. |
| [问:]:贵公司能否提供输出功率为43dB以上、工作频率在20KHz至600KHz这样类型的模拟集成功率放大器电路? |
| [答:]:I am not sure if you refer to 43dBm? We have less power amplifier. Please contact ADI local office. |
| [问:]:贵公司是否能向中国用户提供军用级别的器件? |
| [答:]:Sensitive question! |
| [问:]:贵公司有技术支持吗?如何联系? |
| [答:]:We have ADI Shenzhen Office(0755-3781959), Shanghai Office(021-64267009) and Beijin Office, you can also find in www.analog.com. |
| [问:]:贵公司在音频放大器方面主要有哪些出色的产品? |
| [答:]:Many, such as OP275, Low Noise: 6 nV/?Hz, Low Distortion: 0.0006% High Slew Rate: 22 V/ms, Wide Bandwidth: 9 MHz. Please brouse www.analog.com |
| [问:]:如果我用AD8313检测WCDMA的信号,如果选择合适的积分电路? |
| [答:]:You get need to get the right cut-off frequency for your system. AD8313 data sheet page 11 can provide this information. |
| [问:]:如果用在W-CDMA上的功率检测,可以使用AD8313吗? 还是有更好的产品? |
| [答:]:Yes, Dependent on your dynamic range of the signal. Other choce for LOG amp are AD8314,AD8315. |
| [问:]:"如何查阅AD8021、AD8610、OP1177等新型放大器资料?在北京有无销售代理?地址?" |
| [答:]:Please call to Wayne Zhou @ 13511009768 for more detail. |
| [问:]:如何得到ADI放大器的技术资料? |
| [答:]:Please contact Wayne Zhou @ 13511009768. |
| [问:]:如何用运放制作27到15伏或到6伏、1.5安培的稳压电源? |
| [答:]:Skip. |
| [问:]:是否有短波频段的RF放大器? |
| [答:]:Answered already on the web |
| [问:]:输入信号电压范围为0-20 mv,使用ADUC824,能否做到50,0000精度的电子天平? |
| [答:]:No, in this voltage range you just can get about 13~14 bits resolution. |
| [问:]:虽然ADI公司放大器很有名,但是我却不知道,也许更多的人也未曾听说过这个名字。我的问题:ADI公司在宣传上是怎么做的? |
| [答:]:Thanks so much for the advice. We will doing more seminar and advertisment of the famous magazine to explore our name on the public. |
| [问:]:微转换器的抗干扰性能如何? |
| [答:]:It's very good that you can use differntial mode inputs to remove the common-mode noise. |
| [问:]:我的设计目标是uV的精度,总的放大倍数是500倍,能否推荐合适的前放、放大级型号?谢谢 |
| [答:]:AD855x Zero-offset amplifier is a good candidate. |
| [问:]:我们有很多光模块产品的客户(武汉-光谷),在发射/接收器中ADI有哪些放大器提供。有什么优势,在向客户推介时ADI能不能有技术的支持。 |
| [答:]:ADN284x as the LDD and ADN2819 as the 2.5G CDR. The advantage is ADI's solution provide more robust temperature stable characterist than our competitor and also lower BER. |
| [问:]:我使用了一批ADI公司的AD8051,感觉还可以,而且,以后还会大量使用。但是感到不方便的是没有中文资料,既然ADI把中国作为一个主要市场之一,不妨搞一些中文资料,以方便我这样的英文盲使用。 |
| [答:]:Thanks so much for the advice. We will doing the best as we can. If you have any advice to use our chip, please feel free call to our local office. |
| [问:]:我现在正在做蓝牙无线耳机,但我现在用手机连接时噪音比较大,可以说说什么原因吗? |
| [答:]:This might cuased by the RF interference. I like to suggest you use a differential mode headphone driver instead of the single-end driver on your system And, Provide a good noie immute LDO on your system also essential. Such as the ADP333x series LDO. |
| [问:]:我想测量数个pF的电容量,请推荐一放大器。 |
| [答:]:The Instrumentation Amplifer such as AD62x series are good candidates on this application. But usually, you have to use the bridge method to measure it and avoid to direct measurement. |
| [问:]:我想问该放大技术在仪表应用上的优点。 |
| [答:]:The advantage is provide very high CMRR and noise rejection feature. |
| [问:]:我需要ADuc814开发产品,不知贵公司何时可提供ADuc814的开发系统? |
| [答:]:The ADuC814 tool is ready now. Please contact our local sales office. |
| [问:]:我用AD7711做ad进行热电阻信号测量,三线制接法,但是在使用过程中现场有较大干扰时会造成cpu死机,请问为什么? |
| [答:]:Please check to your CPU reset circuits or the power supply and maybe the layout is to close to the noise source. |
| [问:]:线性放大频带宽度有何独特的技术? |
| [答:]:Ususally, to keep the BW as always high in wide range of the gain setting is very difficult on the voltage feedback amplifier. But you can choice current feedback amplifier on your design. However, you have to very careful on the feedback resistor. Because it is the key part to determine the amplifier's BW. |
| [问:]:新型放大器的抗干扰性能如何? |
| [答:]:The specifications on the OP-Amp you can check is the CMRR and PSRR. Those two parameters can help you to get right part on your application. |
| [问:]:新型运放能否在高阻抗微弱电流信号中使用? |
| [答:]:Yes, Such as the very low cost AD854x can provides very very low bias current. It's about 10pA on those chips. |
| [问:]:仪用放大器AD620仪用单电源供电时,REF.端如何处理? |
| [答:]:The best way is connect to the ADC's Vref pin on this design. But, you still can connect it to ground or a low input impedence DC source. |
| [问:]:仪用放大器在使用时应注意的问题? |
| [答:]:The considering orders are: supply voltage, BW, CMRR, PSRR, Vos, Ib, Noise figure, Slew rate, power consumption. |
| [问:]:"因为14日讲课,所以提前问一个问题。1。我所开发的产品需要使用各种放大器,主要以工业产品为主。涉及普通运放和可编程放大器,可选器件很多。我认为ADI在工业中应用有它的特点,希望给与指点,也希望能提供资料。2。现在正在进行的项目涉及微信号放大(200pV--1uV),不知是否有合适ADI器件?" |
| [答:]:The AD855x series OP-Amp are good candidate on your application. |
| [问:]:由于放大器的种类很多,ADI的产品型号标示有没有分类?如何能比较准确和快速的选用到较为合适的放大器? |
| [答:]:There is no clear definition for the application on the part numbers. The best way is call to our local sales office for the quick help. |
| [问:]:有关宽频弱信号放大的产品有哪些? |
| [答:]:AD805x,AD806x. |
| [问:]:有没有,0.3$以下的单电源放大器 |
| [答:]:AD8541,AD8531. |
| [问:]:有没有5PIN的AD8051? |
| [答:]:Yes, AD8051ART. |
| [问:]:有没有评价放大器方法的有关资料? |
| [答:]:Please check our web site for the relative application note or call to our local office for the help. |
| [问:]:有没有一款有效分辩率为24位、输入信号电压(0-20 mv)、低速的能同时进行双通道采样的ADC。 |
| [答:]:No, But you can use 2 AD7718 or AD7719(one channel 16 bits and another channel 24 bits) on your application. |
| [问:]:与LM7131相比,AD8051的优是什么? |
| [答:]:Smaller power consumtion, much wider BW and slew rate. |
| [问:]:语音经过放大后怎么会产生回音? |
| [答:]:It could be caused by some external signal paths feed through or the amplifier external circuits design problem. |
| [问:]:在高速、高精度控制系统中,强电和弱电的隔离技术应主要注意那些问题? |
| [答:]:Please make sure the return trace on the PCB layout won't cause the high voltage signal influence the low signal. And the power supply should be totally separated. The power supply bypass capacitors should close to the chip's pins as possible. |
| [问:]:在国内,使用ADI的放大器时如果有问题,应该怎样与你们联系。 |
| [答:]:We have differenent location can serve you. Shanghai@(021)6426-7009, Shenzhen(0755)378-1959. |
| [问:]:在精密放大电路中是否需要采用高精度的电阻,对性能是否有关键的影响? |
| [答:]:Yes, dependent on where you use the resistor. For example, if the result is functional of the resistor. Normally, the resistor should be precise enough. |
| [问:]:在哪里下载本次在线座谈的各种播放资料? |
| [答:]:Please contact ChinaECnet. |
| [问:]:在使用AD524,发现增益会随输入电压的增大而减小,应怎样解决。 |
| [答:]:Please to call to our Shenzhen office @(0755)378-1959. We need to dicuss with you about your circuits and PCB layout to address this issue. Thanks! |
| [问:]:在我所设计的ADuC812控制器的3个应用中,重新编程后常发生系统工作不正常的情况,常导致仿真开发系统不能进入? |
| [答:]:Did you provide a power up reset on the ADuC812? It needs to be provided a reset pulse to get this work correctly. |
| [问:]:在选择产品的基础上,请介绍那种噪声更小? |
| [答:]:Normally, the OP-Am's specifications I2n or V2n can provide this information to you. But you have to have a noise ideas your system need on mind first. |